Try the questions in the test above first, then open each one here to see the correct answer and why every other option is wrong.
01Which cells produce antibodies in humoral immunity?
Practice question Unit: Foundations of Biological and Life Sciences
AB lymphocytes ✓ Correct answer
B cells produce immunoglobulins.
BRed blood cells
Red cells transport oxygen rather than produce antibodies.
CPlatelets
Platelets support hemostasis and do not produce antibodies.
DT lymphocytes alone
T cells mediate cellular responses; antibody production belongs to B cells.
Reference: CDC Pink Book, Chapter 1, section: Immunology and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.
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02An agency reviews its services using the CDC 10 Essential Public Health Services framework and wants the revised rather than original version. Which historical sequence is correct?
Practice question Unit: Fundamentals of Public Health
AReleased in 1994 and revised in 2020 ✓ Correct answer
This separates original release, revision, and webpage dates.
BReleased in 2020 and revised in 2026
2020 marks revision, while 2026 is the current webpage date.
CReleased in 1994 without subsequent revision
The page identifies a 2020 revision.
DReleased in 2026 to replace a 2020 framework
A webpage update does not establish a new framework edition.
Reference: CDC, 10 Essential Public Health Services, Background
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03An agency says equity concerns only its clinical-care division. Which response fits the essential services framework?
Practice question Unit: Fundamentals of Public Health
APolicies are excluded from equity responsibilities
Policies are included among tools for equitable health.
BRemoving structural barriers belongs across public health responsibilities ✓ Correct answer
The framework connects equity with policies, systems, and community conditions.
CEquity is limited to standardizing staff salaries
Staff salaries alone do not address population health barriers.
DEquity is achieved solely by equal visit counts
Equal counts do not ensure barriers are removed.
Reference: CDC, 10 Essential Public Health Services, Key points
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04Blood groups A, B, AB, and O are recorded. What type of variable is this?
Practice question Unit: Biostatistics and Data Science
ANominal ✓ Correct answer
The categories have no natural numerical order.
BOrdinal
Blood groups are not ordered levels.
CContinuous
Categories are not measurements on a continuum.
DPerson-time
Blood group is not follow-up duration.
Reference: Official source: CDC Lesson 2 Section 2 — Nominal variables.
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05A city allocates its entire disaster budget to treatment after an event. What gap exists in the EDRM approach?
Practice question Unit: Environmental and Occupational Health
ANeglecting prevention, preparedness, and readiness ✓ Correct answer
The framework combines action before, during, and after emergencies.
BExcess prevention at the expense of response
The described problem is absent rather than excessive prevention.
CAdequate attention to all phases
Post-event focus alone does not cover the cycle.
DNo need for pre-event action
Preparedness reduces risk and strengthens readiness.
Reference: Official reference: Overview, prevention/preparedness/response/recovery
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06Researchers record headphone use among employees without hearing impairment and follow them for five years without changing their behavior. What is the design?
Practice question Unit: Epidemiology
AProspective cohort study ✓ Correct answer
Exposure is observed first and outcomes are followed without assigning exposure.
BCase-control study
Participants were not selected as cases and controls according to hearing impairment.
CCross-sectional study
There is follow-up over time rather than only simultaneous measurement.
DRandomized trial
Researchers did not randomly assign headphone use.
Reference: CDC Principles of Epidemiology, Lesson 1, Section 7: Analytic Epidemiology — Observational studies, Cohort study.
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07In 2026, a team uses a factory workforce roster from 2010 to classify solvent exposure and records through 2025 to determine disease. Workers are selected from the workforce, not a disease registry. What is the design?
Practice question Unit: Epidemiology
ACommunity trial
The team did not assign an exposure to the factory or workers.
BRetrospective cohort study ✓ Correct answer
Exposure and outcomes have already occurred, but grouping begins with exposure in a defined cohort.
CCase-control study
Using old records alone does not make a study case-control; selection did not begin with disease.
DCross-sectional study
Records trace exposure before outcomes rather than a single snapshot.
Reference: CDC Principles of Epidemiology, Lesson 1, Section 7: Analytic Epidemiology — Retrospective cohort study.
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08A memo explains separation of ministry functions in health transformation. Which distinction is correct?
Practice question Unit: Health Policy, Management, and Economics
ARegulation and supervision versus financing and service provision ✓ Correct answer
The source identifies three roles and separates regulation from financing and provision.
BVaccination versus all population health only
This is not the announced role separation.
CMedicine versus absence of governance
Transformation reorganizes rather than eliminates governance.
DPrivate care versus elimination of state responsibility
The source does not establish removal of state responsibility.
Reference: Official reference: Overview, opening paragraph
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09A report identifies regional regulatory and supervisory responsibility in the directorate-conversion announcement. To whom was it assigned?
Practice question Unit: Health Policy, Management, and Economics
ADevice suppliers alone
Device supply is not regional regulatory authority.
BMOH branches ✓ Correct answer
The announcement assigns the role to MOH branches.
CMedicine consumers
Consumers are not regulatory branches.
DEvery insurer without oversight
The announcement does not transfer regulation to every insurer.
Reference: Official reference: Page Content, branches organizational and supervisory role
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10A participant says, “I do not think I am likely to get it,” despite knowing the disease is serious. Which construct describes the first belief?
Practice question Unit: Social and Behavioral Sciences, Health Communication, and Health Promotion
APerceived susceptibility ✓ Correct answer
This describes a person’s belief about their likelihood of developing the condition.
BPerceived severity
This describes beliefs about the seriousness and consequences of the condition.
CPerceived benefits
This describes belief that the recommended action reduces risk or consequences.
DCues to action
These are events or reminders triggering readiness to act.
Reference: Official source: NCI Theory at a Glance, 2nd ed. — Health Belief Model, Table 2, printed pp.13–14.
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