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TOEFL iBT: free practice test

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Practice test questions with answers and explanations

Try the questions in the test above first, then open each one here to see the correct answer and why every other option is wrong.

01Library collection notice [1] The history collection will move to the east wing while its usual room is repaired. [2] Books remain available, but requests submitted after noon will be ready the following morning. [3] Students who need a book today should request it before noon; the east-wing desk closes at six. [4] Digital journals are unaffected. What is the main purpose of this notice?

Practice question Unit: Daily-life reading

  1. ATo explain temporary access arrangements ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentences 1–4 describe relocation and access.

  2. BTo advertise digital journals

    Sentence 4 is a minor reassurance, not the purpose.

  3. CTo announce a new history degree

    No degree is mentioned.

  4. DTo stop all borrowing

    Books remain available in sentence 2.

Reference: Original practice passage 1, Library collection notice; evidence: sentences 1–4 describe relocation and access. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

02Library collection notice [1] The history collection will move to the east wing while its usual room is repaired. [2] Books remain available, but requests submitted after noon will be ready the following morning. [3] Students who need a book today should request it before noon; the east-wing desk closes at six. [4] Digital journals are unaffected. A student requests a book at 2 p.m. When should it be ready?

Practice question Unit: Daily-life reading

  1. ABefore noon that day

    That time has already passed.

  2. BImmediately

    The notice gives a delay.

  3. CAfter the repairs end

    Availability continues during repairs.

  4. DThe next morning ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 2 says requests after noon are ready the following morning.

Reference: Original practice passage 1, Library collection notice; evidence: sentence 2 says requests after noon are ready the following morning. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

03Library collection notice [1] The history collection will move to the east wing while its usual room is repaired. [2] Books remain available, but requests submitted after noon will be ready the following morning. [3] Students who need a book today should request it before noon; the east-wing desk closes at six. [4] Digital journals are unaffected. What remains unchanged?

Practice question Unit: Daily-life reading

  1. AThe location of history books

    Sentence 1 says the books move.

  2. BAccess to digital journals ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 4 says digital journals are unaffected.

  3. CThe deadline for same-day requests

    No previous deadline is provided, so sameness cannot be established.

  4. DThe physical room condition

    Repairs imply a temporary physical disruption.

Reference: Original practice passage 1, Library collection notice; evidence: sentence 4 says digital journals are unaffected. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

04Seeds in the soil [1] A meadow may appear to lose a plant species after several dry years, even though its seeds remain buried. [2] Some seeds germinate only when moisture and temperature provide suitable signals. [3] Thus, counting visible plants alone can underestimate the species capable of returning. [4] However, buried seeds do not survive indefinitely, so a long absence of favorable conditions can eventually remove this hidden reserve. What is the main idea?

Practice question Unit: Academic reading

  1. AAll buried seeds remain alive forever

    Sentence 4 explicitly limits survival.

  2. BBuried seeds can preserve a species temporarily despite its visible absence ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentences 1–4 explain an invisible but limited seed reserve.

  3. CPlant counts reveal every species present

    Sentence 3 says visible counts can underestimate potential diversity.

  4. DDry years always increase visible diversity

    The text describes possible visible loss after drought.

Reference: Original practice passage 6, Seeds in the soil; evidence: sentences 1–4 explain an invisible but limited seed reserve. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

05Seeds in the soil [1] A meadow may appear to lose a plant species after several dry years, even though its seeds remain buried. [2] Some seeds germinate only when moisture and temperature provide suitable signals. [3] Thus, counting visible plants alone can underestimate the species capable of returning. [4] However, buried seeds do not survive indefinitely, so a long absence of favorable conditions can eventually remove this hidden reserve. Why might visible plant counts be misleading?

Practice question Unit: Academic reading

  1. ATemperature prevents researchers from counting

    Temperature affects germination, not the physical ability to count.

  2. BSeeds immediately become visible flowers

    Sentence 2 makes germination conditional.

  3. CEvery visible plant is incorrectly identified

    Identification mistakes are not discussed.

  4. DSome viable species exist only as buried seeds ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentences 1–3 distinguish visible plants from seeds capable of returning.

Reference: Original practice passage 6, Seeds in the soil; evidence: sentences 1–3 distinguish visible plants from seeds capable of returning. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

06Seeds in the soil [1] A meadow may appear to lose a plant species after several dry years, even though its seeds remain buried. [2] Some seeds germinate only when moisture and temperature provide suitable signals. [3] Thus, counting visible plants alone can underestimate the species capable of returning. [4] However, buried seeds do not survive indefinitely, so a long absence of favorable conditions can eventually remove this hidden reserve. What role does sentence 4 play?

Practice question Unit: Academic reading

  1. AIt proves drought has no long-term effects

    It describes eventual loss under prolonged unfavorable conditions.

  2. BIt qualifies the earlier account by stating a limit ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 4 begins with however and limits the lifespan of the reserve.

  3. CIt rejects the existence of buried seeds

    The sentence assumes seeds exist.

  4. DIt introduces a method of counting flowers

    No counting method is proposed.

Reference: Original practice passage 6, Seeds in the soil; evidence: sentence 4 begins with however and limits the lifespan of the reserve. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

07Seeds in the soil [1] A meadow may appear to lose a plant species after several dry years, even though its seeds remain buried. [2] Some seeds germinate only when moisture and temperature provide suitable signals. [3] Thus, counting visible plants alone can underestimate the species capable of returning. [4] However, buried seeds do not survive indefinitely, so a long absence of favorable conditions can eventually remove this hidden reserve. What is “this hidden reserve”?

Practice question Unit: Academic reading

  1. APlants already flowering above ground

    The reserve is hidden underground, not currently visible plants.

  2. BA collection in a research building

    No building or artificial collection appears.

  3. CWater stored in visible leaves

    Leaf water is never mentioned.

  4. DSeeds remaining below the soil surface ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 4 refers back to buried seeds in sentences 1–2.

Reference: Original practice passage 6, Seeds in the soil; evidence: sentence 4 refers back to buried seeds in sentences 1–2. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

08Text-only transcript practice; no audio. Advisor conversation [1] Student: I found an internship, but its morning hours overlap with the statistics course I need. [2] Advisor: There is an evening section, although it is currently full. Ask the instructor whether another seat can be added. [3] Student: Should I withdraw from the morning section now? [4] Advisor: Keep it until you have written confirmation of a place in the evening section. What problem does the student have?

Practice question Unit: Conversation and announcement transcripts

  1. AThe evening instructor canceled the internship

    The instructor has no stated control over the internship.

  2. BAn internship conflicts with a required course ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 1 identifies an overlap in morning hours.

  3. CAn internship requires statistics teaching

    The student needs to take statistics, not teach it.

  4. DThe student has lost all course credit

    No lost credit is mentioned.

Reference: Original practice passage 11, Advisor conversation; evidence: sentence 1 identifies an overlap in morning hours. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

09Text-only transcript practice; no audio. Advisor conversation [1] Student: I found an internship, but its morning hours overlap with the statistics course I need. [2] Advisor: There is an evening section, although it is currently full. Ask the instructor whether another seat can be added. [3] Student: Should I withdraw from the morning section now? [4] Advisor: Keep it until you have written confirmation of a place in the evening section. What does the advisor suggest first?

Practice question Unit: Conversation and announcement transcripts

  1. AWithdraw immediately

    Sentence 4 advises keeping the current place for now.

  2. BReject the internship permanently

    No permanent rejection is recommended.

  3. CEnroll in an unrelated course

    The required course remains the focus.

  4. DAsk whether a seat can be added to the evening section ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentence 2 suggests asking the instructor about a seat.

Reference: Original practice passage 11, Advisor conversation; evidence: sentence 2 suggests asking the instructor about a seat. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

10Writing-choice supplementary practice; no written response is scored. Email: requesting access [1] A student needs an archive appointment next Tuesday to examine two maps for a course project. [2] The student can visit after two o'clock and has not yet completed the visitor registration. [3] The archive requires registration before confirming an appointment. [4] The email should request guidance without claiming an appointment has already been approved. Which opening best states the purpose?

Practice question Unit: Sentence construction and writing purpose

  1. AArchives have existed for centuries.

    This background does not state the request.

  2. BI would like to arrange a visit next Tuesday to examine two maps for my course project. ✓ Correct answer

    Correct: sentences 1 and 4 require a clear request without claiming confirmation.

  3. CI am writing about something that may or may not concern maps.

    The purpose is known and should be stated specifically.

  4. DThank you for confirming my appointment next Tuesday.

    Sentence 4 says no appointment is approved.

Reference: Original practice passage 16, Email: requesting access; evidence: sentences 1 and 4 require a clear request without claiming confirmation. Task-family basis only: ETS 2026 test specifications, https://www.eu.ets.org/pdfs/toefl/toefl-enki-test-specifications-2026.pdf . This is not an ETS item.

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